Excavator.



Nb. 806,511. n PATENTBD DB0. 5, 1905.`

W. H. ARNOLD. r

BXGAVATOR. l APPLICATION FILED MAR. 9,1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WIT/VESSES:

wILLiAM H. ARNOLD, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

` i ExoAvA-ron.

No. 806,511.V f

Speciication of `Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 5, 1905.

Application iiled March 9, V1904. Serial No. 197,341.

To all whom `it may concern:

Be it known that I ,WpILLIAM H. ARNOLD, a

-citizen of the United States, and a resident of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and usefullmprovements in Excavators, of-which the following is a specication.

My invention relates to dredging or excavating apparatus of the general type in whichI a hlnged bucket or scoop or pair of bucketsor` scoops are-caused to swing by suitable actu- .ating devices so as to scoop or pick up the. Amaterial after the manneremployed in that type of apparatus known' as the clam-shell type.

Thelmain object of my present inventionv is A to provide an excavating apparatus of such character that it can be readily and conveniently employed in tunneling` operations or in any situation where gravity'cannot be depended upon to cause the scoops to sink into `or engage the materialto be excavated.

My invention is-likewise of utility for that special class of excavating apparatus in which an lanchor or anchor-blade is employedto hold the scoops' or dredger-buckets down to their work, as described in my prior patent, No. 652,788.

The object of my invention is also to provide means whereby the excavator may be adjusted ,or moved readily over the face of the material being excavated. My invention consists in the combination, with a dredger bucket or scoop and an anchor or anchor-blade for holding the same down to its work,of means for positively forcing said anchor into the material tobe excavated.

My invention consists also in the novel combinations of apparatus and details of construction more particularlyl hereinafter described and then specified in the claims.

In` the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 shows in front elevation and partial section an apparatus embodying my invention. Fig. 2 shows the same in side elevation. i Fig. 3 is a partial horizontal section along the line X, Fig. l1. Fig. 4 is a partial horizontal section along the line Y, Fig. 1.' Fig. 5 illustrates one form or organization of apparatus suitable for carrying out that part of my-invention which consists in so mounting the dredger that itmay have a movement in a vertical plane as well as a movement of traverse over the face of the work, said organization being especially adapted for use in tunnel-ing operations. Fig. 6 is an end elevation of said apparatus looking in the direction of the arrow a, Fig. 5, the truck or car being shown in vertical section on the line Z Z.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, a pair of dredgerbuckets of the clam-shellv type are shownat 8 8, these buckets being in the form of scoops and being adapted to close .and open upon one another at their meeting edges 52, for which purposes they are' suitably hinged on the pintles 51 and are connected by links 9 with suitable actuating mechanism, comprising,

preferably, a piston 11, working in a cylinder 12 and having its piston-rod connected to a cross-head 10, to which the links-9 are pivot ally connected, all after the general mannerv ldescribed in `my priorfpatent, No. 652,7 38'. In Fig. 1 the linkv 9 on/the side of the apparatus presented to view is broken 'away to better illustrate other parts ofthe construction.

3 indicates the main framework of the apparatus. This framework may be provided with the trunnions 14 to permit,.the appayratus to be mounted to swing in a vertical plane, as will be presently described. In or which the dredging bucket or buckets and the'iractuating mechanism are secured. For this purpose I provide a suitable carrier or slidel, capable of movement in theV frame.- worky 3, substantially in line with the trunnions and having the pintles 51 for the scoops secured to it at or near its lower end. .Said

lon said framework are mounted the parts to carrier Yor slide comprises a pair of side rods joined at their bottom and terminating, preferably, in a blade or anchor 50, after the manner described in my prior patent already referred to. At their upper ends said side rods are connected to cross-head 2, to which in turn the piston-rod of a piston4 is connected. Said piston 4 works in a cylinder 5 under suitable air-pressure admitted atopposite ends of the cylinder by a proper three-way valve, aswell understood in the art, and said piston and cylinder constitute the preferred means for forcing'the buckets and the anchor toward the material to be excavated. The piston-rod works through a suitable stuiiing-box 6,- as well understood in the art, and the piston-rod for the piston 11 works throughl a similar stuffing-box in the top of the cylinrier is guided in the framework 3, as more,v

IOO

IIO

particularly shown in Fig. 4 of the diagram.

Said side rods, besides working as guides on the inside of the frame 3 when the parts are moved by the action of the piston 4, also form at their upper ends, as indicated at 13, suitable guides for thecross-head 10 of the piston 11.

The cylinder 12 for the piston 11 is suitably attached to the side bars or rods of the frame or slide 1 by means of flanges projecting from the side of the cylinder and bolted or riveted to said side rods, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, or is otherwise attached to the carrier which 'supports or upon which are mounted the dredger scoops or buckets. Immediately above the top of the cylinder 12 these side rods are cut away to allow the head of the cylinder to be removed.

' As will be readily seen, by the operation of the piston 4 the scoops or buckets may be moved forward to engage the material to be excavated, and. after the operation of the scoops by the piston 11 to pick up or dig the material the operation of the piston 4 in a reverse manner will withdraw the filled bucket. In the usual operation the piston 11, operated by iiuid-pressure admitted beneath the same, would open the buckets to the full extent, after which the piston 4 will be operated to drive the anchor or blade 50 into the material` or to bring the edges of the opened scoops or buckets down to contact with the material. Pressure of air being admitted then above the piston 11, the latter will act to close the edges of the scoops or buckets against one another to load the bucket, during which operation pressure may be maintained upon the piston 4 to overcome the tendency of the buckets or scoops as they swing to withdraw from the material. I have herein shown the anchor 50 as contained wholly within the line of closure of' the buckets or scoops, so that the edges thereof may be permitted to meet at 52 instead of closing down the opposite faces of the anchorblade, as in my prior patent, N o. 652,738. Inasmuch as a positive force is applied in my present apparatus to hold the buckets or scoops to the work, it is obvious that the anchor 50 becomes a less important part of the apparatus and may accordingly be kslhortened or may be entirely dispensed wit In Fig. 5 one ofthe ways of mounting the apparatus whereby it may be conveniently used in tunneling operations is shown. In this case the main frame 3 is mounted on a pedestal 15 by means of the trunnions 14, so as to permit it to be swung in avertical plane to bring the scoops or buckets 8 against the face of the material to be excavated at different heights. To give said buckets a traverse in a horizontal plane over the face of the material, the pedestal or standards 15 are mounted on a turn-table, as shown, working, preferably, on ball-bearings on a truck or platform 16. Said truck or platform 16 is preferably carried on wheels moving over rails,

as shown, whereby lthe apparatus' as a whole may be carried up to the face of the work or withdrawn at pleasure. As will be seen by reference to Fig. 5, cylinder 5 and its piston are arranged to operate the slide carrying the buckets by fluid-pressure acting in line with the pivots or trunnions 14, so that there is no tendency of the frame 8to swing the buckets out of position through the action of the piston 4. To give the pedestal and attached apparatus a movement of traverse, an air-motor 18 may be provided, and lthe turning movement may be imparted from said motor by means of a worm 19 on the motor-shaft, which engages the worm-gear 20 on a drum 21, around which passes a rope or cable 22, that extends around the turn-table carrying the pedestal 15, as clearly shown.

To swing the bucket and frame in a vertical plane on the trunnions 14, a cylinder 23, containing a piston to be operated by airpressure, may be employed. The cylinder may be secured to the side of the pedestal, and the piston-rod may be connected to a rope or cable 24, fastened or connected to a wheel or arm 25, attached to one of the trunnions 14. These trunnions are preferably located so that the weight of the bucket and its attached parts will overbalance the weight of the cylinder 5 at the other end of the frame 95 8 and so that, as will be obvious, itwill only be necessary to apply pressure to the piston in a direction to raise the buckets, the counter movement being secured simply by relief of the air-pressure through the operation of a suitable three-way cock.

For convenience of operation of the apparatus the truck 16 is provided with the airreservoir 25, from which leads the pipe 2 6, supplying air to the various Cylinders of the apparatus. The pipe or hose 26 passes up through the center of the turn table and through a suitable stuffing box and is branched ofi" to separate parts of the apparatus through the three-way cocks, (indicated at 28,) which are preferably mounted on the sido of the pedestal or standard 15, so that the operator can control all the workings of the apparatus without changing his position.

If the operations of the pistons on the frame 3 are controlled by three-way cocks, it would obviously be necessary to use two three-way cocks for each cylinder, one controlling the pressure at one side of each piston and the other the pressure at the opposite side theref of. In the case of the cylinder 23 it is obvl ous that one cock would be suiiicient` since the weight of the parts is depended upon to secure the counter or dropping movement of the dredger buckets or scoops.

To hold the truck 16 in position, suitable hooks 17, engaging with the rails, may be ernployed.

In the operation of this apparatus it may be moved up to the face of the heading on its IOO truck 16, and then'by operation of the motor 18 and the piston and cylinder 23lthe buckets may be brought to any desired position on the face of the work, after which, bythe manipulation of the valves, the buckets or scoops mayl beopene'd and then by the operation of the piston 4 forced against the face of 'the Work,

i after which they may be closed by the operation of the piston 11 and then withdrawn by the operation of thepiston 4, with their load. The bucketsmay then be shifted to any desired position for unloading, as will vbe obvious.

sure mechanism for forcing the anchor into the material. e

3. The combination wlth an -excavating bucket or scoop, of a frame supporting the same, an anchor .carried by the frame and means for forcing the anchor and scoop toward the material. Y

4. The combination with an excavating bucket'or scoop, of a frame supporting the same, an anchor carried by the frame and iiuidpressure mechanism for forcing the anchor and scoop toward the material. l 5. The combination of a pedestal, a frame pivoted thereon and adapted to swing in a vertical plane, a slide guided on said frame, pivotedexcavator-buckets carried by said slide and means foroperating said slideby fluidpressure acting on the slide in line with the pivot of the framework.

6. vThe combination in a dredging apparatus of a frame pivoted on a horizontal axis,`a pedestal'supporting the same and capable of beriage or platform supporting said pedestal,a slide guided vin the pivoted frame, dredgingbuckets and Huid-pressure devices for actuat- -ing turned on a vertical axis, a movable `caring the same mounted on the slide, and uidpressure devices also mounted on the frame and directly connected with said slide as and for the purpose described.

7. Inv a dredging apparatus the combination of a framework provided'with suitable trun.-

nions, a slide or carrier working in said frame# work in line with the trunnions, buckets mounted on said slide and huid-pressure mech,

anism mounted also on the slide as and for the purpose described.

8.; In a' dredging apparatus the combination i with a framework or support, of a slide guided thereon, dredger buckets mounted on said slide, a cylinder and piston mounted on said slide for actuating said'buckets and a second cylinder and piston mounted on the frame and ,Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 1st day of March,'A. D. 1904.

WILLIAM H. ARNOLD;

Witnesses:

E. jL. LAWLER, Y C. F. TIsoHNER, Jr.

"connected directly with the slide as and for lthe purpose described. 

